Kepemimpinan transformasional dan green human resource management dalam mempengaruhi turnover intention: Peran kepuasan kerja sebagai variabel mediasi

Authors

  • Frendy Wibowo Fakultas Bisnis dan Ekonomi, Universitas Aisyiyah Surakarta
  • Eny Susilowati Fakultas Bisnis dan Ekonomi, Universitas Aisyiyah Surakarta
  • Adi Andika Setiyawan Fakultas Bisnis dan Ekonomi, Universitas Aisyiyah Surakarta
  • Chandra Wisnu Hutomo Fakultas Bisnis dan Ekonomi, Universitas Aisyiyah Surakarta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53088/jmdb.v5i1.1500

Keywords:

Transformational Leadership, Green Human Resource Management, Job Satisfaction, Turnover Intention

Abstract

This study analyzes transformational leadership and green human resource management on turnover intention and job satisfaction as mediating variables at Risky Amalia Hospital, Sragen. This study uses a quantitative approach with data collection in the form of a survey. The research sample was 162 respondents: directors, medical services, nursing, support services, and finance and general. The sampling technique used purposive sampling, and the hypothesis model was tested with the Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (Smart Pls) analysis tool. The findings show that transformational leadership and green human resource management have a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction and a negative effect on turnover intention. While job satisfaction significantly mediates between transformational leadership and green human resource management on turnover intention.

References

Adeyefa, A. E., Adedipe, A., Adebayo, I. N., & Adesuyan, A. J. (2023). Influence of Green Human Resource Management Practices on Employee Retention in the Hotel Industry. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 12(1), 114–130. https://doi.org/10.46222/ajhtl.19770720.357

Ahmad, A. (2018). The relationship among job characteristics organizational commitment and employee turnover intentions. Journal of Work-Applied Management, 10(1), 74–92. https://doi.org/10.1108/JWAM-09-2017-0027

Ahmad, S. (2015). Green Human Resource Management: Policies and practices. Cogent Business & Management, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2015.1030817

Alam, A., & Asim, M. (2019). Relationship Between Job Satisfaction And Turnover Intention. International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 9(2), 163. https://doi.org/10.5296/ijhrs.v9i2.14618

Alnaqbi, W. (2024). The relationship between human resource practices and employee retention in public organisations : an exploratory study conducted in the United Arab Emirates [Edith Cowan University]. In Edith Cowan University. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-96110-8_416

Ariyabuddhiphongs, V., & Kahn, S. I. (2017). Transformational leadership and turnover intention: The mediating effects of trust and job performance on café employees in Thailand. Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality & Tourism, 16(2), 215–233. https://doi.org/10.1080/15332845.2016.1202730

Benny, A. D., & Abraham, D. A. F. (2023). Impact of Green Human Resource Management Practices on Job Satisfaction Among the It Industries. Seybold Report Journal, 18(7), 191–205.

Bernarto, I., Bachtiar, D., Sudibjo, N., Suryawan, I. N., Purwanto, A., & Asbari, M. (2020). Effect of transformational leadership, perceived organizational support, job satisfaction toward life satisfaction: Evidences from indonesian teachers. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 29(3), 5495–5503.

Boamah, S. A., Spence Laschinger, H. K., Wong, C., & Clarke, S. (2018). Effect of transformational leadership on job satisfaction and patient safety outcomes. Nursing Outlook, 66(2), 180–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2017.10.004

Burns, J. M. G. (1978). Leadership. Harper & Row.

Cahyono, Y., Novitasari, D., Sihotang, M., Aman, M., Fahlevi, M., Nadeak, M., Siahaan, M., Asbari, M., & Purwanto, A. (2020). The Effect of Transformational Leadership Dimensions on Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment: Case Studies in Private University Lecturers. Solid State Technology, 63(1s), 158–184. http://www.solidstatetechnology.us/index.php/JSST/article/view/707

Chaudhary, R. (2019). Effects of green human resource management: testing a moderated mediation model. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 70(1), 201–216. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-11-2018-0384

Cho, Y. J., & Lewis, G. B. (2012). Turnover Intention and Turnover Behavior. Review of Public Personnel Administration, 32(1), 4–23. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734371X11408701

Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2007). Research Methods in Education. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203029053

Daniel, E. (2016). The Usefulness of Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches and Methods in Researching Problem-Solving Ability in Science Education Curriculum. Journal of Education and Practice, 7(15), 91–100. https://doi.org/2222-288X

Dappa, K., Bhatti, F., & Aljarah, A. (2019). A study on the effect of transformational leadership on job satisfaction: The role of gender, perceived organizational politics and perceived organizational commitment. Management Science Letters, 9(6), 823–834. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2019.3.006

Diana Situmorang, E., & Kusuma Wardhani, N. (2022). The Influence Of Transformational Leadership Style, Workload And Job Satisfaction On Turnover Intention. Dinasti International Journal of Management Science, 3(3), 463–476. https://doi.org/10.31933/dijms.v3i3.1092

Donkor, F., Appienti, W. A., & Achiaah, E. (2022). The Impact of Transformational Leadership Style on Employee Turnover Intention in State-Owned Enterprises in Ghana. The Mediating Role of Organisational Commitment. Public Organization Review, 22(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11115-021-00509-5

Freire, C., & Pieta, P. (2022). The Impact of Green Human Resource Management on Organizational Citizenship Behaviors: The Mediating Role of Organizational Identification and Job Satisfaction. Sustainability, 14(13), 7557. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14137557

Freitas, A. D. G., Lacerda, F. M., Santos, E. A., Alvarenga, M. A., & Bizarrias, F. S. (2022). Human resources policies, learning, and turnover intention in organizations. RAM. Revista de Administração Mackenzie, 23(4). https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-6971/eramg220210.en

Gan, E., & Voon, M. L. (2021). The Impact of Transformational Leadership on Job Satisfaction and Employee Turnover Intentions: A Conceptual Review. SHS Web of Conferences, 124, 08005. https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202112408005

Gede, I., Suryawan, R., Komang Ardana, I., & Suwandana, G. M. (2021). Transformational leadership, work stress and turnover intention: the mediating role of job satisfaction. American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research, 5, 146–157. www.ajhssr.com

Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2011). PLS-SEM: Indeed a Silver Bullet. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 19(2), 139–152. https://doi.org/10.2753/MTP1069-6679190202

Hajj Hussein, S., & Bou Zakhem, N. (2024). The Impact of Green Human Resource Management Practices on Brand Citizenship Behavior and Employee Turnover Intention: A Mixed Methods Approach. Sustainability, 16(15), 6528. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16156528

Hayes, L. J., O’Brien-Pallas, L., Duffield, C., Shamian, J., Buchan, J., Hughes, F., Laschinger, H. K. S., & North, N. (2012). Nurse turnover: A literature review – An update. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 49(7), 887–905. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2011.10.001

Hellman, C. M. (1997). Job Satisfaction and Intent to Leave. The Journal of Social Psychology, 137(6), 677–689. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224549709595491

Hoppock, R., & Spiegler, S. (1938). Job Satisfaction. Occupations: The Vocational Guidance Journal, 16(7), 636–643. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2164-5892.1938.tb00348.x

Ibrahim, I., Alzubi, M. M. S., & Ali, K. (2024). The Impact of Green Human Resource Management Practices (GHRMPs) on Turnover Intention (TI): Moderated by Work-Health Balance (WHB) and Work-Family Balance (WFB). Journal of Ecohumanism, 3(7), 2618–2634. https://doi.org/10.62754/joe.v3i7.4405

Indradewa, R., & Santiajie, S. (2024). The influence of transformational leadership, organizational culture, and employee engagement on turnover intention. JPPI (Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia), 10(2), 1. https://doi.org/10.29210/020243282

Iqbal, Q. (2020). The Era of Environmental Sustainability: Ensuring That Sustainability Stands on Human Resource Management. Global Business Review, 21(2), 377–391. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150918778967

Islam, M. A., Jantan, A. H., Yusoff, Y. M., Chong, C. W., & Hossain, M. S. (2023). Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) Practices and Millennial Employees’ Turnover Intentions in Tourism Industry in Malaysia: Moderating Role of Work Environment. Global Business Review, 24(4), 642–662. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150920907000

Khairunnisa, A. N., Ekonomi, F., Tidar, U., Ratnawati, S., Ekonomi, F., & Tidar, U. (2024). Green Human Resource Management : A Strategic Approach To Embedding Sustainability In Global Enterprise. The 2 Nd Bicemba, Bengkulu International Conference on Economics, Management, Business and Accounting, 1263–1276.

Khalilah, F. N., & Amalia, L. (2024). The Influence Of Transformational Leadership, Work Engagement On Turnover Intention With Job Insecurity Mediation In Millennial And Z Generations In East Jakarta Construction Companies. Journal of Social Research, 3(11), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.55324/josr.v3i11.2277

Khan, S.-U.-R., Anjam, M., Abu Faiz, M., Khan, F., & Khan, H. (2020). Probing the Effects of Transformational Leadership on Employees’ Job Satisfaction With Interaction of Organizational Learning Culture. Sage Open, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244020930771

Krisnayanto, Panyahuti, Gunawan, A. A. N., Windiarti, I. S., Nasution, U. B., Rosini, Utomo, S. T., & Asuhadi, S. (2024). Investigating the Role of Digital Transformation, Digital Knowledge Management and Digital Innovation on Sustainable Performance (SDG) of SMES. Journal of Lifestyle and SDGs Review, 4(3), e02047. https://doi.org/10.47172/2965-730X.SDGsReview.v4.n03.pe02047

Lambert, E. G., Barton, S. M., & Hogan, N. L. (1999). The missing link between job satisfaction and correctional staff behavior: The issue of organizational commitment. American Journal of Criminal Justice, 24(1), 95–116. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02887620

Lan, T. S., Chang, I. H., Ma, T. C., Zhang, L. P., & Chuang, K. C. (2019). Influences of transformational leadership, transactional leadership, and patriarchal leadership on job satisfaction of cram school faculty members. Sustainability (Switzerland), 11(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/su10023465

Luu, D. T., & Phan, H. Van. (2020). The Effects of Transformational Leadership and Job Satisfaction on Commitment to Organisational Change: A Three-Component Model Extension Approach. The South East Asian Journal of Management, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.21002/seam.v14i1.11585

Maaitah, A. M. (2018). The role of leadership style on turnover intention. Researchgate.Net, 8(5), 24–29. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ayman-Almaaitah/publication/327230878_International_Review_of_Management_and_Marketing_The_Role_of_Leadership_Style_on_Turnover_Intention/links/5b825b404585151fd13374aa/International-Review-of-Management-and-Marketing-

Makarim, A. F., & Muafi, M. (2021). The effect of green human resource management (GHRM) practices on turnover intention. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478), 10(5), 83–94. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v10i5.1269

Manoppo, V. P. (2020). Transformational leadership as a factor that decreases turnover intention: a mediation of work stress and organizational citizenship behavior. The TQM Journal, 32(6), 1395–1412. https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-05-2020-0097

Maqableh, O., Helalat, A., & Supian Mohammad Nor, C. (2023). Exploring the mediating influence of job satisfaction on the relationship between job security and turnover intention: A case study of the hospitality industry of Jordan. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 21(1), 384–395. https://doi.org/10.21511/ppm.21(1).2023.33

Masta, N., & Riyanto, S. (2020). The Effect of Transformational Leadership, Perceived Organizational Support and Workload on Turnover Intention Sharia Banking Company in Jakarta. Saudi Journal of Business and Management Studies, 5(8), 473–481. https://doi.org/10.36348/sjbms.2020.v05i08.003

Mehak, S. S., & Batcha, H. M. (2024). Analyzing the influence of green human resource practices on organizational sustainability: the role of green attitudes and performance of employees’. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 0123456789. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-024-05157-5

Mishra, P. K. (2013). Job satisfaction. IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS), 14(5 (Sep.-Oct. 2013)), 45–54. https://doi.org/10.1097/00152193-197806000-00001

Mosadeghrad, A. M., Ferlie, E., & Rosenberg, D. (2008). A study of the relationship between job satisfaction, organizational commitment and turnover intention among hospital employees. Health Services Management Research, 21(4), 211–227. https://doi.org/10.1258/hsmr.2007.007015

Muhammad Ramdhan Rimald, M., & Permana Saputra, A. R. (2024). Gestión de recursos humanos y Liderazgo Verde en Transformación Rendimiento de los empleados en la cueva Turismo Industria. Journal Managment & Business Studies, 6, 1–23. https://doi.org/10.32457/jmabs.v6i1.2529

Nikolova, I., Schaufeli, W., & Notelaers, G. (2019). Engaging leader – Engaged employees? A cross-lagged study on employee engagement. European Management Journal, 37(6), 772–783. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2019.02.004

Nisfatun Nabillah, & Wahyuningsih, R. S. H. (2023). The Effect of Transformational Leadership on Turnover Intentions through Employee Engagement as a Mediating Variable (Study on Yogyakarta Social Service Employees). Journal of Business Management and Islamic Banking, 02(3), 239–252. https://doi.org/10.14421/jbmib.v2i3.2096

Park, T., & Pierce, B. (2020). Impacts of transformational leadership on turnover intention of child welfare workers. Children and Youth Services Review, 108, 104624. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.104624

Phillips, I. L. (2021). A Dissertation submitted to the faculty of. https://scholarworks.calstate.edu/downloads/5425kg59v

Podsakoff, P. (1996). Transformational leader behaviors and substitutes for leadership as determinants of employee satisfaction, commitment, trust, and organizational citize. Journal of Management, 22(2), 259–298. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0149-2063(96)90049-5

Puwanto, A., Purba, J. T., Bernarto, I., & Sijabat, R. (2021). Effect Of Transformational Leadership, Job Satisfaction, And Organizational Commitments On Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Inovbiz: Jurnal Inovasi Bisnis, 9(1), 61. https://doi.org/10.35314/inovbiz.v9i1.1801

Qamar, F., Afshan, G., & Rana, S. A. (2024). Sustainable HRM and well-being: systematic review and future research agenda. Management Review Quarterly, 74(4), 2289–2339. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11301-023-00360-6

Rafferty, A. E., & Griffin, M. A. (2004). Dimensions of transformational leadership: Conceptual and empirisal extensions. The Leadership Quarterly, 15(3), 329–354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2004.02.009

Rahi, S. (2017). Research Design and Methods: A Systematic Review of Research Paradigms, Sampling Issues and Instruments Development. International Journal of Economics & Management Sciences, 06(02). https://doi.org/10.4172/2162-6359.1000403

Rajan, R., Rajest, S. S., T, S., & R, S. (2023). Relationship between employee loyalty and job satisfaction an organization. European Journal of Life Safety and Stability, 36(December). www.ejlss.indexedresearch.org

Ramachandaran, S. D., Vasudevan, A., Balakrishnan, R., Nagaraj, S., & Thinakaran, R. (2024). The impact of green human resource management practices on employee’s job performance. International Journal of Management and Sustainability, 13(3), 506–522. https://doi.org/10.18488/11.v13i3.3828

Ramalho Luz, C. M. D., Luiz de Paula, S., & de Oliveira, L. M. B. (2018). Organizational commitment, job satisfaction and their possible influences on intent to turnover. Revista de Gestão, 25(1), 84–101. https://doi.org/10.1108/REGE-12-2017-008

Rasmussen, V. A., Hermawan, R., Lucky, N. P., & Prasetyaningtyas, S. W. (2024). The Impact of Green Human Resource Management Practices on Employee Well-being and Job Satisfaction. Ilomata International Journal of Management, 5(4), 1290–1301. https://doi.org/10.61194/ijjm.v5i4.1348

Renwick, D. W. S., Redman, T., & Maguire, S. (2013). Green Human Resource Management: A Review and Research Agenda*. International Journal of Management Reviews, 15(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2370.2011.00328.x

Sitohang, R. (2023). The Influence of Transformational Leadership Style, Job Satisfaction and Organizational Culture on Turnover Intention in Employees of PT. Medan Distribusindo Raya Kabanjahe. Asian Journal of Management Analytics, 2(2), 133–142. https://doi.org/10.55927/ajma.v2i2.3887

Sumaiyah, A. A., & Rosli, M. (2011). The relationship between business model and performance of manufacturing small and medium enterprises in Malaysia. African Journal of Business Management, 5(22), 8918–8932, 30 September. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJBM11.474

Tahir, M. I., Martini, A., Yayuningsih, S., Khuan, H., Prasetyarini, L., Jumintono, Ambarwati, R., & Utomo, S. T. (2023). Exploring the Role of Leader Member Exchange on Job Satisfaction and Employee Performance: an Empirisal Study in Indonesian MSMEs. Journal of Law and Sustainable Development, 11(3), e771. https://doi.org/10.55908/sdgs.v11i3.771

Teck, J., & Loo, K. (2017). Impact Of Leadership On Turnover Intention : The Mediating Role Of Organizational. Applied Structural Equation Modeling, 1(1), 27–41.

Tett, R. P., & Meyer, J. P. (1993). Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment, Turnover Intention, And Turnover: Path Analyses Based On Meta‐Analytic Findings. Personnel Psychology, 46(2), 259–293. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1993.tb00874.x

Triska Yulianto, G. R. (2024). The Influence of Transformational Leadership Style On Turnover Intention Mediated By Organizational Commitment and Employee Job Satisfaction (Empirisal Study: Employees at PT Global Loyalty Indonesia). Asian Journal of Social and Humanities, 2(12), 2888–2902. https://doi.org/10.59888/ajosh.v2i12.401

Yücel, İ. (2021). Transformational Leadership and Turnover Intentions: The Mediating Role of Employee Performance during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Administrative Sciences, 11(3), 81. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci11030081

Downloads

Published

2025-01-30

How to Cite

Wibowo, F., Susilowati, E., Setiyawan, A. A., & Hutomo, C. W. (2025). Kepemimpinan transformasional dan green human resource management dalam mempengaruhi turnover intention: Peran kepuasan kerja sebagai variabel mediasi. Journal of Management and Digital Business, 5(1), 85–103. https://doi.org/10.53088/jmdb.v5i1.1500