Local Religion: Complexity of Challenges and Efforts to Maintain Existence in the Pre-Reformation Era

Abstract

Abstrack

Pre-reformation was a difficult period for groups of Penghayat Kepercayaan/Local Religion in Indonesia. Pressure and marginalization on all fronts become part of their lives. Their options of the pressure they receive were divergent. Despite in general the sources of pressure approximately same, their ways of dealing with those challenges were determine on the quantity and regional condition confined to the intensity and implementation of the opposition. This researched was qualitative, descriptive analytic. The researched method used the Historical Research Method with sociological and anthropological. The results of the research showed that the adaptation options carried out by large groups of Local Religion in communal areas (cities) tend to take place politically and avoid physical clashes. Meanwhile, the large groups but militant in remote areas face physical opposition (group wars with other marginal communities) so that they also react with physical warfare. This situation is another effect of the newly established state which defined to many clashes of understanding in society. On the other hand, a small quantity of Local Religion in remote areas prefer to the path of peace and spread the teachings secretly. The findings in this research will guide policy makers in understanding the background, development and challenges of believers, each of which has its own uniqueness.

Keywords: local religion, opposition, existence effort.

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