Ekspor teknologi tinggi, PMA dan pengendalian korupsi dalam dinamika kompleksitas ekonomi Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53088/jerps.v6i2.3124Keywords:
High-Tech Exports, Foreign Direct Investment, Corruption Control, Economic Complexity IndexAbstract
This research explores the determinants shaping Indonesia's economic complexity index between 1998 and 2024, specifically examining three critical variables: technologically advanced product exports, incoming foreign capital investments, and governmental anti-corruption measures. Employing a quantitative analytical framework, the study utilizes secondary time-series data analyzed through the Error Correction Model methodology, enabling distinction between immediate and sustained economic dynamics. Empirical findings reveal nuanced patterns across different temporal horizons. Technologically sophisticated exports demonstrate statistically insignificant immediate effects but emerge as robust positive contributors over extended periods. Foreign capital inflows, conversely, exhibit no meaningful statistical association with the complexity index across both short-term and long-term frameworks. Anti-corruption governance initiatives consistently prove their significance, displaying positive statistical relationships regardless of temporal scope. The collective analytical power of these three determinants demonstrates substantial explanatory capacity, jointly accounting for significant variations in Indonesia's economic complexity measurement across both analytical timeframes. These results underscore the differential temporal impacts of technological advancement, capital mobility, and institutional quality on economic sophistication within developing economies.
References
Acemoglu, D., Johnson, S., & Robinson, J. A. (2001). The Colonial Origins of Comparative Development: An Empirical Investigation. American Economic Review, 91(5), 1369–1401. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.91.5.1369
Acemoglu, D., & Robinson, J. (2008). The Role of Institutions in Growth and Development. In Commission on Growth and Development Working Paper; No. 10. World Bank. https://doi.org/10.5202/rei.v1i2.14
Bozduman, E. T. (2025). How Does Export Concentration Affect Economic Complexity ? Applying the Seemingly Unrelated Regression Approach for Selected Central and Eastern European Countries. Journal of Competitiveness, 17(1), 185–200. https://doi.org/10.7441/joc.2025.01.09
Bramastama, R., & Sasana, H. (2021). Pengaruh Internet, Kesejahteraan, Entrepreneur, Pangsa Pasar, dan Nilai Ekspor terhadap Economic Complexity (Studi Kasus: 9 Negara Anggota ASEAN 2009-2018). Diponegoro Journal of Economics, 10(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.14710/djoe.30004
Cristelli, M., Tacchella, A., & Pietronero, L. (2015). The Heterogeneous Dynamics of Economic Complexity. PLoS ONE, 10(2), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0117174
Dar, Q., Dar, G. F., Ma, J. H., & Ahn, Y. H. (2020). Visualization, economic complexity index, and forecasting of South Korea international trade profile: a time series approach. Journal of Korea Trade, 24(1), 131–145. https://doi.org/10.35611/jkt.2020.24.1.131
Dunning, J. H. (1980). Toward an Eclectic Theory of International Production: Some Empirical Tests BT - The Eclectic Paradigm: A Framework for Synthesizing and Comparing Theories of International Business from Different Disciplines or Perspectives (J. Cantwell (ed.); pp. 23–49). Palgrave Macmillan UK. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-54471-1_2
Dunning, J. H. (1987). Paradigm Theeclectic Production : A Restatement And Somepossible Extensions. In J. Cantwell (Ed.), The Eclectic Paradigm (pp. 50–84). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-54471-1_3
Harvard Growth Lab. (2024). Atlas of Economic Complexity 10.0 brings new data and Product Space design. Growth Lab. https://growthlab.hks.harvard.edu/news/atlas-economic-complexity-100-brings-new-data-and-product-space-design/
Hidalgo, C. A., & Hausmann, R. (2009). The Building Blocks Of Economic Complexity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106(26), 10570–10575. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0900943106
Hidalgo, C. A., Klinger, B., Barabási, A.-L., & Hausmann, R. (2007). The Product Space Conditions the Development of Nations. Science, 317(5837), 482–487. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1144581
Hausmann, R., Hidalgo, C. A., Bustos, S., Coscia, M., Simoes, A., & Yildirim, M. A. (2014). The Atlas of Economic Complexity: Mapping Paths to Prosperity. The MIT Press. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9647.001.0001
Islami, M., & Hastiadi, F. (2020). Nature of Indonesia’s Deindustrialization. Economics Development Analysis Journal, 9(2), 220–232. https://doi.org/10.15294/edaj.v9i2.38016
Kaufmann, D., Kraay, A., & Hague, M. M. (2011). The Worldwide Governance Indicators : Methodology and Analytical Issues. Hague Journal on the Rule of Law, 3(02), 220–246. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1876404511200046
Khan, H., Khan, U., & Khan, M. A. (2020). Causal Nexus between Economic Complexity and FDI : Empirical Evidence from Time Series Analysis Causal Nexus between Economic Complexity and FDI : The Chinese Economy, 0(0), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/10971475.2020.1730554
Lall, S. (1992). Technological Capabilities and Industrialization. World Development, 20(2), 165–186. https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-750X(92)90097-F
Lall, S. (2000). Working Paper Number 44 The Technological Structure and Performance of Developing Country Manufactured Exports , 1985-1998. Taylor & Francis Journals, 28(3), 337–369. https://doi.org/10.1080/713688318
Lucas Jr, R. E. (1967). Adjustment Costs And The Theory Of Supply. Journal of Political Economy, 75(4, Part 1), 321–334. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1828594
Mealy, P., & Teytelboym, A. (2018). Interpreting Economic Complexity. Science Advances, 5(1), eaau1705. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau1705
Nababan, R. (2013). Memahami Economic complexity Index (ECI) Bagian I ECI Sebagai Indeks Pembangunan Ekonomi Berbasis Produk. Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis, 9(2), 159–169. https://doi.org/10.26593/jab.v9i2.1212.%25p
North, D. C. (1990). Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511808678
Ojonta, O. I. (2024). The Effects of Institutional Quality and Human Capital Development on Economic Complexity in Africa : Empirical Evidence from Panel Data Analysis. Unisia, 42(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.20885/unisia.vol42.issl.art1
Osinubi, T. T., & Ajide, F. M. (2022). Foreign direct investment and economic complexity in emerging economies. Economic Journal of Emerging Markets, 14(2), 259–270. https://doi.org/10.20885/ejem.vol14.iss2.art9
Osinubi, T. T., Ajide, F. M., & Ajisafe, R. A. (2024). Linking Institution to Economic Transformation: An Exploratory Analysis of the Impact of Corruption on Economic Complexity in Nigeria. n Industrial Policy and Sustainable Development in Nigeria: Reflections and the Road Ahead (pp. 489–510). Obafemi Awolow University Press.
Owjimehr, S., & Jamshidi, N. (2024). Why do natural resource-rich economies resist improving the economic complexity? Regional Science Policy & Practice, 16(7), 100017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rspp.2024.100017
Sachs, J. D., & Warner, A. M. (1995). Natural Resource Abundance and Economic Growth (5398). https://doi.org/10.3386/w5398
Şeker, A. (2019). Teknolojik Gelişme ve Yüksek Teknoloji İhracatının Ekonomik Karmaşıklık Endeksi Üzerindeki Etkisi : Türkiye Örneği. Yönetim Ve Ekonom, 26(2). https://doi.org/10.18657/yonveek.581397
Widarjono, A. (2013). Ekonometrika: Pengantar dan aplikasinya. UPP STIM YKPN.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Rona Hinirim Gultom, Joko Suharianto
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
The author(s) retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a CC BY-SA 4.0 license that allows others to remix, adapt, and build upon the work even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit the author(s) and license their new creations under the identical terms.
License details: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
