Journal of Economics Research and Policy Studies

Dinamika kemiskinan pedesaan di Kalimantan Barat: Analisis data panel

2025-07-16T15:53:11+07:00

Rural poverty remains an urgent challenge in many parts of Indonesia, including West Kalimantan. Despite ongoing poverty reduction efforts, a persistent gap remains between urban and rural areas. This study examines the dynamics of rural poverty in West Kalimantan using panel data analysis. By analyzing longitudinal data over time, we assess the factors associated with rural poverty and identify key trends and patterns. The panel-data approach accounts for both individual and time effects, allowing a more comprehensive understanding of poverty dynamics in the region. The results indicate that, in partial estimations, education level and GDP are negatively associated with poverty. The findings also show that education, open unemployment, and GDP jointly have a statistically significant effect on rural poverty rates. These results suggest that improving education quality, expanding employment opportunities, and strengthening household economic well-being are strategic priorities for reducing rural poverty.

Kajian Perdagangan Internasional dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi: Peran Strategis Nilai Tukar dan Inflasi di Indonesia

2025-09-21T00:42:42+07:00

In the era of economic globalization, international trade has become a key factor in shaping a country’s economic growth dynamics. Through export and import activities, a country can expand its markets, improve production efficiency, and obtain goods and services that cannot be produced domestically at optimal levels. This study was conducted to examine the effects of exports, imports, and international trade policies, assess the impact of exchange rates and inflation, and examine the role of tax policies in Indonesia’s economic growth. The study covers the period from 1995 to 2024 and employs a quantitative research approach, using multiple linear regression. The variables tested include exports, imports, tariffs, import duties, exchange rates, inflation, and taxes relative to GDP. Research data were sourced from various providers, including the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), Bank Indonesia, and the World Bank. The results indicate that exchange rates and inflation have a significant negative impact, while the other variables are not statistically significant when analyzed individually. These findings underscore the importance of macroeconomic stability and the synergy of trade, monetary, and fiscal policies in supporting sustainable economic growth.

Determinan kemiskinan di Provinsi Jawa Timur: peran pertumbuhan penduduk, indeks pembangunan manusia, dan tingkat pengangguran terbuka

2025-12-14T12:49:31+07:00

This study aims to analyze the effects of population growth rate, human development index, and open unemployment rate on poverty levels in East Java Province for the period 2020-2024. The issue of poverty, which remains a development challenge, underscores the need for an analysis of the factors influencing it, both in terms of demographics and the quality of human resources. This study employs a quantitative approach using panel data regression analysis that combines temporal and spatial dimensions at the district/city level. The results indicate that the human development index has a negative and significant effect on poverty rates, meaning that improvements in human capital can reduce poverty. Meanwhile, population growth rates and open unemployment rates show a positive but insignificant effect on poverty rates. Collectively, these three variables influence poverty levels. Thus, this study concludes that improving the quality of human development is a key factor in efforts to reduce poverty in East Java, whereas demographic factors and unemployment have relatively limited effects.

Analisis ekonomi inklusif di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat dan Kalimantan Timur menggunakan data panel

2026-02-24T09:43:29+07:00

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of the Human Development Index (HDI), Domestic Investment, Open Unemployment Rate, electricity access, and internet access on the Inclusive Economic Development Index (IEDI) in West Kalimantan and East Kalimantan Provinces. The study employs panel data at the district/city level covering the period 2018–2022, sourced from Statistics Indonesia and the National Development Planning Agency (BAPPENAS). Panel data regression is applied as the analytical method. The results indicate that in West Kalimantan, HDI, electricity access, and internet access have positive and significant effects on inclusive economic development. Meanwhile, in East Kalimantan, HDI shows a positive and significant effect, whereas the open unemployment rate significantly affects inclusive economic development. These findings suggest that the determinants of inclusive economic development vary across regions. Therefore, development policies should be region-specific, focusing on improving human capital quality, expanding access to basic infrastructure, and addressing labor market issues in order to promote more inclusive and sustainable economic growth.

Islamic human development index berbasis maqāṣid syarī’ah dan determinan ekonomi di negara-negara muslim

2026-01-29T15:37:54+07:00

The Human Development Index developed by the UNDP is considered insufficient for measuring development in Muslim countries because it does not incorporate an Islamic perspective, particularly the dimensions of religion and socio-economic ethics. Therefore, this study uses the Islamic Human Development Index (I-HDI) as a more comprehensive alternative measure of human development, which is derived from the five dimensions of maqāṣid syarī’ah, namely religion (dīn), life (nafs), reason (‘aql), offspring (nasl), and wealth (māl). This study aims to analyze the effects of foreign direct investment, remittances, and unemployment on the I-HDI in Muslim countries, and to examine the moderating role of political stability. The methods used are multiple linear regression with the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) approaches. The results show that foreign direct investment and remittances have a significant positive effect on Islamic human development, while unemployment has a significant negative effect. In addition, political stability is a clear moderator that can strengthen the relationship between economic determinants and the Islamic Human Development Index in Muslim countries.

Determinan kemandirian keuangan daerah: Peran pendapatan asli daerah, tax effort, dan belanja modal di Jawa Tengah (2019–2023)

2025-09-26T22:20:17+07:00

This study aims to analyze the effect of Regional Original Revenue (PAD), tax effort, and capital expenditure on the level of regional financial independence of regencies/cities in Central Java Province during 2019–2023. This study employed a quantitative approach using secondary data obtained from the Directorate General of Fiscal Balance, Statistics Indonesia, and official local government websites. The sample was selected using a total sampling technique, yielding 175 observations across 35 regencies/cities over five years. The data were analyzed using panel data regression. The stages of analysis included descriptive statistical analysis, model selection tests, classical assumption tests, and hypothesis testing. The results show that PAD and tax effort have a positive, significant effect on regional financial independence. In contrast, capital expenditure has a negative and significant effect on the level of regional financial independence of regencies/cities in Central Java Province. These findings support stewardship theory, which explains that effective regional financial management can improve regional fiscal independence.

Peran ESG dalam keuangan hijau: Pemetaan bibliometrik global

2025-12-15T04:23:02+07:00

The study maps the developments, trends, and directions of global research in Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) and Green Finance during the period 2018–2025. This study uses a quantitative bibliometric approach to analyze 573 publications indexed in the Scopus database, identified by title, abstract, and keywords. The data are processed using the Bibliometrix software (R package). The analysis was carried out through several bibliometric techniques, including analysis of publication performance (annual growth, sources, and productive countries), keyword and co-occurrence analysis to identify conceptual structures, topic trend analysis to map research dynamics, and analysis of author and country collaboration to describe global scientific networks. The results show that ESG and Green Finance-related publications experienced significant growth, with an annual growth rate of 51.86%. The three most dominant themes are green finance, ESG, and sustainable development. China is emerging as a leading country in both publication output and international collaboration. In addition, the study identified several research gaps, including limited empirical evidence from developing countries, inconsistencies in ESG assessment indicators, and a lack of studies on real environmental impacts.

Ecotourism development at Candi Gedong Songo: A contingent valuation method approach

2026-02-19T23:07:38+07:00

Tourism provides both direct economic benefits and multiplier effects for other sectors of society. However, the management of Gedong Songo Temple, which focuses on increasing tourist numbers, tends to ignore the external impacts on the preservation of cultural heritage and the environment, necessitating a focus on sustainability principles. This study aims to determine the willingness to pay of tourists for the sustainable development of Gedong Songo Temple as a tourist attraction. Primary data was obtained based on interviews and questionnaires with 109 tourist respondents who visited Gedong Songo Temple. Respondents were selected using purposive sampling, and the analysis was conducted statistically using CVM. The results of this study show that according to the contingent valuation method, 98 of the 109 tourist respondents are willing to pay more for the development of the Gedong Songo Temple tourist attraction, with an average WTP value of IDR 28,000 per tourist and a total willingness to pay per year for the Gedong Songo Temple tourist attraction of IDR 7.9 billion. These results confirm that tourists appreciate conservation efforts, facility improvements, and increased comfort when visiting the Gedong Songo Temple tourist attraction.

Dampak anggaran pendidikan terhadap perekonomian Indonesia: Analisis input-output

2026-02-24T09:38:08+07:00

This research analyzes the impact of the 2025 education budget on Indonesian economic activity using Input-Output (IO) analysis. This research utilized data from the Indonesia IO Table for 2020 on 17 products, on the population aged 15 years and over who worked in the past week by main job field, and on the GDP deflator. This research finds that the relationship between the Education Service and other sectors is weak. It makes a significant difference in the magnitude of the Education Service’s impact compared to other sectors. Outside the Education Service, the two sectors that are always among the top four in terms of impact on output, gross value added, labor income, and labor absorption are the Manufacturing Industry and the Trade and Vehicle Repair. This research finds that sectors experiencing a small change in the absolute value of output may experience a big percentage change in output. The relatively low impact of the education budget on other sectors confirms that it will have a significant effect on the economy over the long term.

Digital capitalism and young people's work patterns: The dynamics of side jobs among Indonesia's gen Z

2026-02-22T08:39:47+07:00

This study investigates the contradictions of side jobs and the gig economy among Generation Z in Indonesia. Although this sector is considered to offer flexibility, independence, and diverse career development opportunities, the reality in the world of work shows tension between expectations of freedom and unstable working conditions. This study applies a qualitative approach with a systematic literature review design. Data was obtained through the synthesis of accredited journal articles and reports from reliable research institutions published between 2020 and 2024. Data analysis was conducted using thematic analysis methods to identify patterns of experience and structural contradictions that have been noted in the literature. The findings show that the promised flexibility and autonomy are often illusory. Fluctuating income, lack of social security, and dependence on non-transparent platform algorithms create a situation of “pseudo-autonomy.” These conditions lead to economic vulnerability and psychosocial pressures, such as anxiety, stress, and feelings of alienation due to prolonged job uncertainty. These results confirm that the welfare of Gen-Z gig workers needs to be evaluated from various dimensions, not only based on income but also psychological and social aspects.

Faktor-Faktor Penentu Ketimpangan Pembagian Pendapatan di Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung

2026-03-09T14:57:34+07:00

This study examines the persistent issue of income inequality in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province, where the mining sector largely drives economic activities. Despite steady economic growth, income distribution remains uneven across the population. This research aims to analyze the effects of education, economic growth, and population on income inequality during the 2019–2023 period. Using panel data regression analysis, the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) was identified as the most appropriate approach. The data were obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). The results indicate that, collectively, education, economic growth, and population have a significant impact on income inequality. However, partially, only education shows a statistically significant and negative effect. This suggests that higher levels of education help reduce inequality by improving skills and productivity. Therefore, expanding access to education and promoting labor-intensive industries are essential policy measures to achieve a more equitable income distribution in the region.

Desentralisasi fiskal dan pengaruhnya terhadap kinerja penyerapan belanja daerah di Indonesia

2026-04-22T23:34:11+07:00

This study examines the effect of fiscal decentralization on regional budget absorption performance in Indonesia, using panel data from 34 provinces for 2021–2023. The analysis method employed is fractional probit regression with the Mundlak approach, along with a robustness test using Quasi Maximum Likelihood Estimation (QMLE). The results indicate that fiscal decentralization, both in revenue and expenditure, has a positive, statistically significant impact on the probability of regional budget absorption. Regions with higher fiscal autonomy and higher expenditure-to-revenue ratios tend to exhibit better budget absorption performance. In addition, fiscal independence also contributes positively to expenditure absorption. Simultaneously, several control variables, such as population growth, show a positive effect, while others, including the unemployment rate, GRDP per capita, and population density, have a significant negative impact. These findings emphasize the importance of strengthening local fiscal capacity and regional institutional quality to improve budget management effectiveness and ensure the successful implementation of fiscal decentralization.

Pasar rasulan sebagai ekosistem ekonomi kegiatan budaya desa

2026-03-11T05:19:21+07:00

Rasulan in Gunungkidul is commonly understood as a village thanksgiving tradition, yet its economic role has not been sufficiently examined. This study revises the reading of Rasulan from a cultural ceremony into a temporary village-event economy, here conceptualized as Pasar Rasulan. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, observation, and event-related documents, then analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings show that Rasulan generates multiple channels of local economic circulation. The organizer's budget exceeded Rp60 million; identified rental spending reached Rp24.55 million; parking revenue was at least Rp6.5 million; committee consumption spending reached Rp7.5 million; and documented average vendor revenues varied across food vendors, toy sellers, snack sellers, and other micro-traders. Household spending during the main day also created local demand through food preparation and guest hosting. Beyond these transactions, social capital shaped coordination, access to selling opportunities, and the community's ability to mobilize assets such as land, labor, and trust. The study contributes by mapping the micro-mechanisms of a village cultural event and showing that sustainable governance, transparent record-keeping, local procurement, vendor arrangements, and waste management are required if Rasulan is to become a more accountable instrument of community-based local economic strengthening.