Griya Widya: Journal of Sexual and Reproductive Health

Recurrence Factors in Cervical Precancerous Lesions

Fitriyadi Kusuma — 2026-04-29

Background: Recurrent cervical pre-cancerous lesions remain a major clinical challenge in preventing progression to invasive cancer and achieving long-term remission. Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV), particularly subtype 16, is strongly associated with recurrence, especially in women under 40 years of age.

Method: This narrative review analyzed recent literature focusing on the main determinants of recurrence after treatment of cervical pre-cancerous lesions, including viral, surgical, and immunological factors.

Result: The findings showed that incomplete surgical excision significantly increased the risk of recurrence. The type of surgical procedure also influenced outcomes, with cold knife and laser conization associated with lower recurrence rates than LLETZ. Post-treatment HPV vaccination was found to reduce recurrence by enhancing immunity against re-infection.

Implication: These findings highlight the importance of individualized treatment selection, complete lesion excision, and the use of HPV vaccination as part of a comprehensive strategy to minimize recurrence and improve long-term outcomes.
Novelty: This review provides an integrated overview of viral, surgical, and immunological factors influencing cervical lesion recurrence, emphasizing the importance of combining optimal surgical technique with preventive immunization.

Apakah Edukasi dengan Video Animasi Efektif terhadap Pengetahuan Remaja mengenai Perkawinan Anak?

Tania Ghifari Komara — 2026-04-29

Background: This study aims to examine the effectiveness of animated video education on adolescents' knowledge about child marriage in Rancakasumba Village, Bandung Regency, Indonesia.

Method: The study used a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental, non-randomized control group pretest-posttest design. Statistical analysis employed Mann-Whitney test for age distribution, Fisher's Exact Test for gender distribution, Chi-Square test for educational background, and Marginal Homogeneity test for pre-post intervention comparisons. The study population was adolescents in Rancakasumba Village, Bandung Regency, with a sample of 60 respondents divided into an experimental group (animated video) and a control group (leaflet). The research instrument was a structured questionnaire containing 29 questions that had been validated with a Cronbach's Alpha reliability value of 0.936. The animated video was developed collaboratively with health promotion students and validated by multimedia experts, while the leaflet contained equivalent educational content for the control group.

Result: The study showed that the animated video was more effective than the leaflet in increasing adolescents' knowledge about child marriage. The experimental group experienced an increase in knowledge, from 36.7% to 90% (p-value 0.001), while the control group only increased from 20% to 26.7% (p-value 0.025). Comparison between groups after the intervention showed a significant difference with a p-value of 0.028.

Implication: Healthcare professionals and policymakers should integrate animated video technology into routine reproductive health education programs to achieve optimal outcomes in preventing child marriage.

Novelty: This study comprehensively analyzes the effectiveness of animated videos using a quasi-experimental design that controls for confounding variables within the specific geographic and sociocultural context.

Pendekatan Berbasis Etiologi pada Gangguan Orgasme Wanita: Tinjauan Naratif

Ghayatrie Healthania Anggraningrum — 2026-05-21

Background: Female orgasmic disorder (FOD) is a common form of female sexual dysfunction characterized by delayed, reduced, or absent orgasm despite adequate sexual stimulation. Although its prevalence is high, current clinical approaches remain largely symptom-oriented and often fail to address the multifactorial nature of the condition.
Method: This study employed a narrative literature review design. Relevant articles were obtained from PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar using keywords related to female orgasmic disorder, sexual dysfunction, and treatment. The selected literature was analyzed descriptively, focusing on physiological mechanisms, pathophysiology, etiological factors, diagnostic approaches, and management strategies.
Result: The findings indicate that FOD is a multifactorial condition involving the interaction of biological, psychological, pharmacological, and relational factors. The diagnostic approach based on DSM-5 and instruments such as the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) allows a more comprehensive evaluation. Current management includes pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions; however, their effectiveness varies depending on the underlying etiology.
Implication: These findings highlight the importance of adopting a more comprehensive and individualized clinical approach. An etiology-based strategy integrating the biopsychosocial model may improve treatment accuracy, patient satisfaction, and overall sexual well-being.
Novelty: This review emphasizes an etiology-based management framework that integrates multiple contributing factors, offering a more targeted and personalized approach compared to conventional generalized treatment strategies.

The Family Support and ART Adherence among PLHIV in Indonesia: A Systematic Review

Satria Akbar Putra Asmara — 2026-05-19

Background: Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a key determinant of treatment success for people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Indonesia. Family support is thought to play a crucial role in enhancing this adherence, yet existing research findings remain inconsistent.

Objective: This literature review aims to synthesize recent evidence on the relationship between family support and ART adherence among PLHIV in Indonesia.

Method: A systematic review was conducted by searching articles in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct (publication range 2021-2025). Nine cross-sectional studies meeting the inclusion criteria were synthesized using the PRISMA method.

Result: Seven out of nine studies (77.8%) reported a statistically significant relationship between family support and improved ART adherence. Dimensions of emotional, instrumental, and informational support were consistently associated with positive outcomes. Inconsistencies in findings from some studies were suspected to be related to variations in measuring the "family support" construct and socio-cultural contexts.

Implication: The predominant evidence supports the positive role of family support in ART adherence in Indonesia. Adherence promotion programs are recommended to integrate family-involved interventions, considering multidimensional and context-specific measurement approaches.

Usia dan Status Perkawinan dengan kejadian Fibroadenoma Mammae di Kota Surakarta

Nur Mahmudah — 2026-06-09

Background: Breast tumor incidence in Indonesia based on clinical breast examinations shows an increase every year. Fibroadenoma mammae (FAM) is one of the most common types of benign tumors in young women. Several factors that influence the growth of FAM include increased estrogen hormone activity in young women under 30 years of age.

Method: The method used in this study was a case-control design, a total of 54 patients were included, divided into 2 groups, 27 FAM patients (cases) and 27 non-FAM patients as controls. The data analyzed by chi square and logistic regression test.

Result: The results showed that there was a significant relationship between age and the incidence of FAM (p < 0.05), where patients of reproductive age suffered more from FAM than menopausal patients. A significant relationship between marital status and FAM (p> 0.05), where most FAM suffered from unmarried women. Age and marital status had a 63.1% influence on the incidence of FAM.

Implication: The government and public should be aware that fibroadenoma mammary is a risk factor for young and unmarried women, so it is necessary to take preventive measures against the etiology of fibroadenoma mammary which is mainly caused by genetic mutations and marriage reduces the risk of fibroadenoma mammary occurrence.

Novelty: This study provides knowledge that age and unmarried status increase the risk of breast fibroadenoma.

Potensi Sifat Antioksidan Ekstrak Rumput Kebar (Biophytum petersianum Klotzsch) terhadap Kinerja Reproduksi dibandingkan dengan Vitamin C dan E

Aminudin Aminudin — 2026-09-27

Background: This research aimed to investigae how kebar grass extract, obtained through conventional extraction, affects reproductive performance in female rats, compared to vitamin C and E supplementation.

Method: Female rats (Rattus novergicus) which were 7 weeks old and weighed approximately 144.40±2.06 grams, were given oral treatments for 48 days. The treatments (mg/day) included kebar grass extract at a dose of 113.4, vitamin C at 1.62, vitamin E at 0.27, and a control group. The study a completely randomized design with four groups, each containing 10 rats. Observations were carried out over 11 weeks after after the treatment periods. The measurements taken included body weight, relative uterine and ovarian weights, and estrogen levels.

Result: Female rats showed similar weight gain across all treatment groups compared to the control. Administration of kebar grass extract enhanced reproductive performance in female rats, as demonstrated by reduced loss in relative uterine and ovarian weight and higher estrogen levels compared to those receiving vitamin C and E supplementation. The kebar grass extract is effective when administered over a 48 days period.

Implication: Kebar grass plant has potential as an alternative treatment for improving reproductive health. Research on female rats demonstrated that a 48 days course of Kebar grass extract increased estrogen levels and had a positive impact on the relative weight of the ovaries and uterus.

Novelty: The present study revealed the kebar grass extract has the potential to enhance reproductive performance due to antioxidant properties that act on the reproductive organs

Association between Knowledge Level and Adolescents’ Attitudes Toward Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) Prevention

Berkat Putrawan Lase — 2026-09-28

Background: This study aimed to determine the relationship between knowledge level and adolescents' attitudes toward STI prevention at SMK Negeri 5 Batam.

Method: This analytical observational study employed a cross-sectional design and was conducted on August 28, 2025. The study population consisted of 5,102 students, with 99 respondents selected using proportionate stratified random sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed through univariate and bivariate analyses. The relationship between knowledge level and attitudes toward STI prevention was examined using the chi-square test.

Result: Of the 99 respondents, 48 (48.5%) had a low level of knowledge, while 38 (38.4%) demonstrated negative attitudes toward STI prevention. The chi-square test showed a significant relationship between knowledge level and attitudes toward STI prevention (p = 0.021). These findings indicate that adolescents with better knowledge tend to have more positive attitudes toward STI prevention.

Implication: Schools should strengthen reproductive health education through continuous health promotion programs involving teachers and healthcare professionals to improve adolescents' knowledge and foster positive attitudes toward STI prevention.

Novelty: This study provides recent empirical evidence on the association between knowledge and attitudes toward STI prevention among vocational high school students in Batam, supporting the development of evidence-based school health promotion programs.

Determinants of Reproductive Health Behavior among Adolescents and Women of Childbearing Age:

Ayu Nilamsari Sagar — 2026-09-30

Background: Unhealthy reproductive health behavior remains a serious problem in many developing countries, including Indonesia. Various studies have identified determinant factors, but few literature reviews have comprehensively mapped these factors within a multi-level framework.

Method: This study is a literature review using a thematic narrative approach. Literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Google Scholar from January 2022 to March 2026. Inclusion criteria included original studies and review articles reporting determinants of reproductive health behavior among adolescents (10-19 years) and women of childbearing age (15-49 years). Twenty studies were analyzed narratively based on an expanded socio-ecological model.

Results: Determinants of reproductive health behavior were grouped into five levels: (1) individual (knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy, mental health), (2) interpersonal (parental support: OR/PR=2.64-4.86; peer influence: AOR=3.80), (3) environmental (service access: AOR=2.11-2.76; social norms), (4) digital (parental guidance in digital use: AOR=3.65), and (5) macro (impact of COVID-19 pandemic, contraceptive policies).

Implications: These findings emphasize the need for integrated interventions involving individuals, families, schools, and digital platforms. Health workers should involve parents in counseling, provide adolescent-friendly services, and improve digital literacy among adolescents and parents.

Novelty: This literature review presents a recent synthesis of determinants of reproductive health behavior among adolescents and WCA using a socio-ecological framework that includes digital and macro levels, which has rarely been discussed in an integrated manner in previous studies.

Differences in Menstrual Knowledge among Adolescents in Rural and Urban Areas

Sofiah Mutiara Maryani — 2026-09-30

Background: Menstruation is an important physiological process for young women who need adequate knowledge to maintain reproductive hygiene and health. This study aims to analyze the difference in the proportion of knowledge about menstruation between adolescent girls in rural and urban areas.

Method : This comparative cross-sectional research was conducted at SMPN 1 Simo (urban) and SMPN 1 Kemusu (rural) by involving 150 students selected through clustered sampling techniques. Data was collected using a closed-ended questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability, with total scores categorized based on the mean value. Univariate analysis was used to describe respondent characteristics, while bivariate analysis used chi square test with continuity correction to compare the proportion of knowledge.

Result : The results showed that 59.3% of respondents had good category knowledge, with the proportion of good knowledge higher in urban areas (75.3%) than rural areas (42.5%) and statistically significant differences (p=0.001; OR = 4.1).

Implication : These findings show the important role of access to information, health literacy and social environment in shaping menstrual knowledge in rural and urban areas

Novelty : This study is one of the comparative studies that specifically compares the proportion of menstrual knowledge between adolescent girls in urban and rural areas in the SMPN 1 Simo and SMPN 1 Kemusu areas using clustered sampling techniques and chi square tests with continuity correction